| Accelerated Reader™ |
Fluency, Comprehension |
K-12 |
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| Barton Reading and Spelling System |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
K-12 |
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| ClassWide Peer Tutoring |
Fluency, Comprehension |
Elementary - Middle |
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ClassWide Peer Tutoring (CWPT) is a peer-assisted instructional strategy designed to be integrated with most existing reading curricula. This approach provides students with increased opportunities to practice reading skills by asking questions and receiving immediate feedback from a peer tutor. Pairs of students take turns tutoring each other to reinforce concepts and skills initially taught by the teacher. The teacher creates age-appropriate peer teaching materials for the peer tutors; these materials take into account tutees' language skills and disabilities. Although CWPT can be used in subject areas other than reading, this report focuses on CWPT for beginning reading for elementary school grade levels, which emphasizes reading fluency and comprehension skills.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/beginning_reading/cwpt/
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE):
Full Report: (Can be found on Page 32) http://www.bestevidence.org/word/begin_read_Jun_23_2009.pdf
Condensed Report: http://www.bestevidence.org/reading/begin_read/limited.htm
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| Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) |
Comprehension |
Grades 2 - 6 |
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| Corrective Reading |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Comprehension |
Grades 4 -12 |
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| Discover Instense Phonics for Yourself |
Phonics |
Ages 4 - 9 years |
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| Earobics® |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
PreK - 3rd grade |
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Earobics® is interactive software that provides students in pre-K through third grade with individual, systematic instruction in early literacy skills as students interact with animated characters. The program builds children’s skills in phonemic awareness, auditory processing, and phonics, as well as the cognitive and language skills required for comprehension. Each level of instruction addresses recognizing and blending sounds, rhyming, and discriminating phonemes within words, adjusting to each student’s ability level.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/beginning_reading/earobics/index.asp
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/EarobicsReport.pdf
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| Failure Free Reading |
Fluency, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
K - 12 |
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| Fast ForWord® |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
K - 12 |
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Fast ForWord® is a computer-based reading program intended to help students develop and strengthen the cognitive skills necessary for successful reading and learning. The program, which is designed to be used 30 to 100 minutes a day, five days a week, for 4 to 16 weeks, includes two components.The first component, the Fast ForWord® Language and Literacy series, aims to build cognitive skills such as memory, attention, processing, and sequencing, as well as language and reading skills, including listening accuracy, phonological awareness, and knowledge of language structures. The second component, the Fast ForWord® to Readingseries (also known as the Fast ForWord® Reading series), aims to increase processing efficiency and further improve reading skills such as sound-letter associations, phonological awareness, word recognition, knowledge of English language conventions, vocabulary, and comprehension.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/adolescent_literacy/fastfw/index.asp
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE):
Full Report: (Can be found on Page 93-95) http://www.bestevidence.org/word/strug_read_Jun_02_2010.pdf
Condensed Report: http://www.bestevidence.org/overviews/F/FastForWord.pdf
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/FastForWordLanguage.pdf
National Center for Response to Intervention (NCRTI): http://www.rti4success.org/instructionTools
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| Fluency Formula |
Fluency |
Grade 1 - 6 |
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| Fundations |
Phonemic Awareness, Vocabulary |
K - 3 |
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| Kaplan SpellRead |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Comprehension |
Grade 2 and above |
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Kaplan SpellRead (formerly known as SpellRead Phonological Auditory Training®) is a literacy program for struggling readers in grades 2 or above, including special education students, English language learners, and students more than two years below grade level in reading. Kaplan SpellRead integrates the auditory and visual aspects of the reading process and emphasizes specific skill mastery through systematic and explicit instruction. The program takes five to nine months to complete and consists of 140 lessons divided into three phases.
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| Links to Review |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/beginning_reading/spellread/
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/KaplanSpellRead.pdf
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| Ladders to Literacy |
Phonemic Awareness |
Preschool (Early Literacy) |
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| Lexia Reading |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
PreK - 12 |
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| Lindamood Phoneme Sequencing® (LiPS®) |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
K - 3 or struggling readers |
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The Lindamood Phoneme Sequencing® (LiPS®) program (formerly called the Auditory Discrimination in Depth® [ADD] program) is designed to teach students the skills they need to decode words and to identify individual sounds and blends in words. Initial activities engage students in discovering the lip, tongue, and mouth actions needed to produce specific sounds. After students are able to produce, label, and organize the sounds with their mouths, subsequent activities in sequencing, reading, and spelling use the oral aspects of sounds to identify and order them within words. The program also offers direct instruction in letter patterns, sight words, and context clues in reading.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/learning_disabilities/lips/index.asp
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE):
Full Report: (Can be found on Page 71) http://www.bestevidence.org/word/strug_read_Jun_02_2010.pdf
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/LIPS.pdf
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| Little Books |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
PreK - 3 |
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| Open Court Reading |
Phonics |
K - 6 |
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| Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) |
Phonics, Comprehension, Oral Reading Fluency |
K-6 |
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Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) is a peer-tutoring program. According to the developer's website, it is designed to be incorporated into the existing curriculum with the goal of improving the academic performance of children with diverse academic needs. Students partner with peers, alternating the role of tutor while reading aloud, listening, and providing feedback in various structured activities. PALS is typically implemented three times a week for 30 to 35 minutes. Although PALS can be used in different subject areas and grade levels, this intervention report focuses on the use of PALS to improve reading skills of students in kindergarten through third grade. PALS was found to have potentially positive effects on alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension according to the WWC.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/beginning_reading/pals/
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE):
Charted Report: http://www.bestevidence.org/reading/begin_read/top.htm
Condensed Report: http://www.bestevidence.org/overviews/P/PALS.pdf
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): Reviewed K-PALS only - http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/K-PALS.pdf
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| Project Read® |
Phonics, Comprehension |
K-12 |
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| QuickReads |
Fluency, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
Grades 2 - 6 |
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| Read 180 |
Fluency, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
Grades 4-12 |
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READ 180 is a reading program designed for students in elementary through high school whose reading achievement is below the proficient level. The goal of READ 180 is to address gaps in students’ skills through the use of a computer program, literature, and direct instruction in reading skills. The software component of the program aims to track and adapt to each student’s progress. In addition to the computer program, the READ 180 program includes workbooks designed to address reading comprehension skills, paperback books for independent reading, and audiobooks with corresponding CDs for modeled reading.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/adolescent_literacy/read180/
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE): http://www.bestevidence.org/overviews/R/Read180.pdf
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/Read180final.pdf
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| Read Naturally |
Oral Reading Fluency |
K-8 |
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| Read Well® |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
K-2 |
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| Reading Mastery |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension, Vocabulary, Oral Reading Fluency |
K-6 |
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Reading Mastery is a direct instruction program designed to provide explicit, systematic instruction in English language reading. Reading Mastery is available in two versions, Reading Mastery Classic levels I and II (for use in grades K–3) and Reading Mastery Plus, an integrated reading-language program for grades K–6. The program begins by teaching phonemic awareness and sound-letter correspondence and moves into word and passage reading, vocabulary development, comprehension, and building oral reading fluency. The program includes placement assessments and a continuous monitoring system. Although not designed exclusively for English language learners, Reading Mastery can be used with this group of students.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/english_lang/read_master/
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE):
Full Report: (Can be found on Page 55-58) http://www.bestevidence.org/word/begin_read_Jun_23_2009.pdf
Link to the National Center on Response to Intervention(NCRTI): http://www.rti4success.org/instructionTools
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| Reading Recovery |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
1st Grade |
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| Reading Reels |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
Early childhood - High School |
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| Sound Partners |
Fluency, Phonics, Comprehension |
K-3 |
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Sound Partners (Vadasy et al., 2004) is a phonics-based tutoring program that provides supplemental reading instruction to elementary school students grades K–3 with below average reading skills. The program is designed specifically for use by tutors with minimal training and experience. Instruction emphasizes letter-sound correspondences, phoneme blending, decoding and encoding phonetically regular words, and reading irregular high-frequency words, with oral reading to practice applying phonics skills in text. Based on seven studies, the WWC considers the extent of evidence for Sound Partners on beginning readers to be medium to large for alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension and small for general reading achievement.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/beginning_reading/sound_partners/index.asp
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE):
Full Report: (Can be found on Page 44-47) http://www.bestevidence.org/word/strug_read_Jun_02_2010.pdf
Link to Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR): http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/PDF/Sound%20Partners%20Final.pdf
Link to the National Center on Response to Intervention (NCRTI): http://www.rti4success.org/instructionTools
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| Stepping Stones to Literacy |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics |
Older preschool & Kindergarten |
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Stepping Stones to Literacy (SSL) is a supplemental curriculum designed to promote listening, print conventions, phonological awareness, phonemic awareness, and serial processing/rapid naming (quickly naming familiar visual symbols and stimuli such as letters or colors). The program targets kindergarten and older preschool students considered to be underachieving readers, based on teacher's recommendations, assessments, and systematic screening. Students participate in 10- to 20-minute daily lessons in a small group or individually. The curriculum consists of 25 lessons, for a total of 9–15 hours of instructional time.
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| Links to Reviews |
Link to What Works Clearinghouse (IES): http://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/reports/beginning_reading/ssl/
Link to the Best Evidence Encyclopedia (BEE): http://www.bestevidence.org/reading/strug/other.htm
Link to the National Center on Response to Intervention (NCRTI): http://www.rti4success.org/instructionTools
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| Success For All |
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension |
Pre-K - 8 |
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| The Reading Edge |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
Grades 1 - 8 |
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| Voyager Passport |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension, Vocabulary |
K-5 |
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| Wilson Reading System® |
Fluency, Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Comprehension |
Grades 2 - 12 |
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